InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: SATB1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-367098.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

SATB1

Protein Name

SATB homeobox 1

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000399518

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-21555 (SATB1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Crucial silencing factor contributing to the initiation of X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA that occurs during embryogenesis and in lymphoma (By similarity). Binds to DNA at special AT-rich sequences, the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS), at nuclear matrix- or scaffold-associated regions. Thought to recognize the sugar-phosphate structure of double-stranded DNA. Transcriptional repressor controlling nuclear and viral gene expression in a phosphorylated and acetylated status-dependent manner, by binding to matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA and inducing a local chromatin-loop remodeling. Acts as a docking site for several chromatin remodeling enzymes (e.g. PML at the MHC-I locus) and also by recruiting corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters and enhancers. Modulates genes that are essential in the maturation of the immune T-cell CD8SP from thymocytes. Required for the switching of fetal globin species, and beta- and gamma-globin genes regulation during erythroid differentiation. Plays a role in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture during apoptosis. Interacts with the unique region (UR) of cytomegalovirus (CMV). Alu-like motifs and SATB1- binding sites provide a unique chromatin context which seems preferentially targeted by the HIV-1 integration machinery. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat may overcome SATB1-mediated repression of IL2 and IL2RA (interleukin) in T-cells by binding to the same domain than HDAC1. Delineates specific epigenetic modifications at target gene loci, directly up-regulating metastasis-associated genes while down-regulating tumor-suppressor genes. Reprograms chromatin organization and the transcription profiles of breast tumors to promote growth and metastasis. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269PubMed:10595394, ECO:0000269PubMed:11463840, ECO:0000269PubMed:12374985, ECO:0000269PubMed:12692553, ECO:0000269PubMed:1505028, ECO:0000269PubMed:15618465, ECO:0000269PubMed:15713622, ECO:0000269PubMed:16377216, ECO:0000269PubMed:16630892, ECO:0000269PubMed:17173041, ECO:0000269PubMed:17376900, ECO:0000269PubMed:18337816, ECO:0000269PubMed:19103759, ECO:0000269PubMed:19247486, ECO:0000269PubMed:19332023, ECO:0000269PubMed:19430959, ECO:0000269PubMed:9111059, ECO:0000269PubMed:9548713}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus matrix. Nucleus, PML body. Note=Organized into a cage-like network anchoring loops of heterochromatin and tethering specialized DNA sequences. When sumoylated, localized in promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs).

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed predominantly in thymus. {ECO:0000269PubMed:1505028}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 41 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	41 [view]
Protein-Protein	40 [view]
Protein-DNA	1 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003677	DNA binding
GO:0003682	chromatin binding
GO:0003690	double-stranded DNA binding
GO:0003700	sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0043565	sequence-specific DNA binding

Biological Process

GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0006325	chromatin organization
GO:0006338	chromatin remodeling
GO:0006351	transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006915	apoptotic process
GO:0006921	cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis
GO:0008544	epidermis development
GO:0016032	viral process
GO:0016571	histone methylation
GO:0042110	T cell activation
GO:0043367	CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation
GO:0043374	CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation
GO:0050798	activated T cell proliferation
GO:0060004	reflex