InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Gene: HMGB1

Summary

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-21100.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

HMGB1

Gene Name

high mobility group box 1

Synonyms

HMG1; HMG3; SBP-1

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Gene

ENSG00000189403

Encoded Proteins

IDBP-21102

high mobility group box 1

IDBP-21104

high mobility group box 1

IDBP-21106

high mobility group box 1

IDBP-230495

high mobility group box 1

IDBP-230497

high mobility group box 1

IDBP-292660

high mobility group box 1

Protein Structure

Useful resources

Stemformatics EHFPI ImmGen

InnateDB Annotation

Summary

PMID 19890330

HMGB1 functions as universal sentinel for nucleic-acid-mediated innate immune responses.

PMID 19914413

HMGB1 activates innate immunity mechanisms as a complex with DNA, lipids and/or pro-inflammatory cytokines.

PMID 20419158

HMGB1 is an alarmin and a key mediator of natural killer (NK)-dendritic cell (DC) cross-talk and plays a pivotal role in the escape of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected dendritic cells from TRAIL-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity during NK-DC cross-talk by upregulating c-FLIP and c-IAP2 expression.

PMID 21372296

HMGB1 is an endogenous TLR4 ligand in macrophages and its release in wounds initiates TLR4-dependent responses that contribute to neovascularization. (Demonstrated in murine model)

PMID 21389264

HMGB1 is found in high concentrations within neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). HMGB1 is a neutrophil protein that facilitates the uptake and recognition of mammalian DNA by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and may play a role in Systemic Lupus Erthermatosus autoimmunity.

PMID 21860212

HMGB1 plays a key regulatory role in polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) recruitment to inflammatory tissues. Low concentrations of HMGB1 (50-100 ng/ml) reduce baseline PMN migration as well as formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine- and IL8-induced PMN chemotaxis, whereas higher HMGB1 concentrations (5000 ng/ml) have a chemoattractant effect on PMN through IL8 production.

PMID 21871094

HMGB1 has a pathogenic role in arthritis, where in complex with lipopolysaccharide, IL1A or IL1B, HMGB1 boosts the production of proinflammatory cytokines and MMP3 as demonstrated in synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients.

PMID 22396017

Nuclear HMGB1 translocates to the cytoplasm in LPS-stimulated macrophages to potentiate inflammatory responses. (Demonstrated in mice)

PMID 24257755

Mast cell chymase CMA1 contributes to the control of inflammation by degrading the virulence factor Hsp70 of Trichinella spiralis, as well as several alarmins such as endogenous HSPA1A, BGN, and HMGB1..

InnateDB Annotation from Orthologs

Summary

PMID 21372296

[Mus musculus] Hmgb1 is an endogenous Tlr4 ligand in macrophages and its release in wounds initiates Tlr4-dependent responses that contribute to neovascularization.

PMID 21860212

[Mus musculus] Hmgb1 plays a key regulatory role in polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) recruitment to inflammatory tissues. Low concentrations of Hmgb1 (50-100 ng/ml) reduce baseline PMN migration as well as formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine- and Il8-induced PMN chemotaxis, whereas higher Hmgb1 concentrations (5000 ng/ml) have a chemoattractant effect on PMN through Il8 production . (Demonstrated in human)

PMID 21871094

[Mus musculus] Hmgb1 has a pathogenic role in arthritis, where in complex with lipopolysaccharide, Il1a or Il1b, Hmgb1 boosts the production of proinflammatory cytokines and Mmp3 as demonstrated in synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. (Demonstrated in human)

PMID 22396017

[Mus musculus] Nuclear Hmgb1 translocates to the cytoplasm in LPS-stimulated macrophages to potentiate inflammatory responses. (Demonstrated in mice)

Entrez Gene

Summary

Currently no Entrez Summary Available. You might want to check the Summary Sections of the Orthologs.

Gene Information

Type

Protein coding

Genomic Location

Chromosome 13:30456704-30617597

Strand

Reverse strand

Band

q12.3

Transcripts

ENST00000341423	ENSP00000345347
ENST00000339872	ENSP00000343040
ENST00000326004	ENSP00000369904
ENST00000399494	ENSP00000382417
ENST00000399489	ENSP00000382412
ENST00000405805	ENSP00000384678
ENST00000490788
ENST00000468384

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 82 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 12 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	82 [view]
Protein-Protein	76 [view]
Protein-DNA	6 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	12 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003677	DNA binding
GO:0003684	damaged DNA binding
GO:0003690	double-stranded DNA binding
GO:0003697	single-stranded DNA binding
GO:0003700	sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
GO:0005125	cytokine activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008134	transcription factor binding
GO:0008301	DNA binding, bending
GO:0042056	chemoattractant activity
GO:0044822	poly(A) RNA binding
GO:0050786	RAGE receptor binding
GO:0070491	repressing transcription factor binding

Biological Process

GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0001773	myeloid dendritic cell activation
GO:0002407	dendritic cell chemotaxis
GO:0002437	inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
GO:0006265	DNA topological change
GO:0006288	base-excision repair, DNA ligation
GO:0006309	apoptotic DNA fragmentation
GO:0006310	DNA recombination
GO:0006357	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0006915	apoptotic process
GO:0006921	cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis
GO:0017055	negative regulation of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly
GO:0031175	neuron projection development
GO:0033151	V(D)J recombination
GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043280	positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0043388	positive regulation of DNA binding
GO:0045087	innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0050918	positive chemotaxis
GO:0051103	DNA ligation involved in DNA repair
GO:2000426	negative regulation of apoptotic cell clearance

Cellular Component

GO:0000793	condensed chromosome
GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm
GO:0009986	cell surface
GO:0017053	transcriptional repressor complex